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Showing posts from October, 2022

Turkey’s New Disinformation Law

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  Context: Turkey’s parliament adopted the much-critiqued ‘disinformation law’ that accords jail terms of up to three years to social media users and journalists for spreading ‘disinformation’. About the law: The “disinformation law” is a collection of roughly 40 articles that would change about 23 separate statutes collectively. Article 29 is the most divisive of the 40. In order to instill fear or terror among the citizenry, it is illegal to publicly broadcast false information concerning the nation’s internal and foreign security, public order, and general well-being. The Turkish government has maintained that the bill will address situations in which persons of different political ideologies, religious beliefs, or ethnicities are slandered and defamed by anonymous online accounts. A jail term between one and three years has been introduced for any violation with the extension of an additional half of the initially stipulated term if the actions are done in anonymity. social med...

Can an Aspirant Clear UPSC CSE in First Attempt

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  For those who put immense faith in statistics, it might be disheartening to know that on average, candidates take more than 2 attempts to clear the civil service exam. But it remains true that every year, there are several candidates who clear the UPSC exam in their very first attempt. While the number of people who cleared on their first attempt varies year to year, one can be assured that all those who did clear on their first attempt did so due to their dedication, consistency, and hard work. While it is not impossible to clear UPSC CSE on your first attempt, one must always remember that, even if you did not clear it on your first attempt, that does not mean that you would not clear. The number of people who cleared on their last attempt is in no way a small number. The most important thing when it comes to UPSC preparation, regardless of your number of attempts, is getting proper guidance and ample support. That is why Believers IAS with their smaller classrooms and weekly t...

JAINISM

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  Doctrines of Jainism: Anekantavada: Anekantavada in Jainism is the ontological assumption that any entity is at once enduring but also undergoing change that is both constant and inevitable. The doctrine of anekantavada follows that all entities have three aspects: substance (dravya), quality (guna), and mode (paryaya). Dravya serves as a substratum for multiple gunas, each of which is itself constantly undergoing transformation or modification. Thus, any entity has both an abiding continuous nature and qualities that are in a state of constant flux. Anekantavada is literally the doctrine of “non- onesidedness” or “manifoldness”, it is often translated as “non-absolutism”. Syadavada: Syadvada, in Jaina metaphysics, the doctrine that all judgments are conditional, holding good only in certain conditions, circumstances, or senses, expressed by the word syat (“may be”). It postulates that reality is complex no single proposition can express the nature of reality fully. Nayavada: Nay...

Competition Commission of India (CCI)

  #GS-02 Governance #GS-03 Economy For Prelims: About Competition Commission of India (CCI): The CCI is a statutory body which acts as the competition regulator in India and is responsible for enforcing the Competition Act, of 2002. The Commission was established in 2003, although it became fully functional only by 2009. The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 (MRTP Act) was repealed and replaced by the Competition Act, 2002, on the recommendations of the Raghavan committee. The objectives of the Commission are: To prevent practices that harm the competition. To promote and sustain competition in markets. To protect the interests of consumers. To ensure freedom of trade. The Commission is also required to give an opinion on competition issues on a reference from a statutory authority established under any law, undertake competition advocacy, create public awareness and impart training on competition issues. The Commission consists of one Chairperson and six Members...
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  Can an Aspirant Clear UPSC CSE in First Attempt     For those who put immense faith in statistics, it might be disheartening to know that on average, candidates take more than 2 attempts to clear the civil service exam. But it remains true that every year, there are several candidates who clear the UPSC exam on their very first attempt. While the number of people who cleared on their first attempt varies year to year, one can be assured that all those who did clear on their first attempt did so due to their dedication, consistency, and hard work. While it is not impossible to clear UPSC CSE on your first attempt, one must always remember that, even if you did not clear it on your first attempt, that does not mean that you would not clear. The number of people who cleared on their last attempt is in no way a small number. The most important thing when it comes to   UPSC preparation , regardless of your number of attempts, is getting proper guidance and ample support...

Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM)

  Context: The Ministry of Defence (MoD) announced on Friday (October 14) that the indigenous ballistic missile nuclear submarine INS Arihant had successfully launched a nuclear capable Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM) in the Bay of Bengal with “very high accuracy”. Strategic Significance: In the context of establishing a nuclear triad, especially in light of India’s “No First Use” policy, the capacity to launch nuclear bombs from submarine platforms has enormous strategic significance. The second-strike capacity is considerably increased by the sea-based undersea nuclear capable capabilities, which supports the nuclear deterrence. These submarines are capable of “Credible Nuclear Deterrence,” which means they can not only withstand a first strike by the enemy but also launch a strike in reprisal. In light of India’s relations with Pakistan and China, it is crucial to enhance these capabilities. India’s capacity building on the nuclear-powered submarines and of the nucle...

India’s coal mines

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#GS-03 Mining, Coal For Prelims: About Coal in India: Jharkhand is the largest coal-producing state in India. The top coal-producing states are Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Telangana and Maharashtra. Coal accounts for approximately 55% of the country’s energy needs. India is the second largest producer and consumer of coal after China. Types of Coal: Anthracite: Anthracite is the best quality of coal which carries 80 to 95 per cent carbon content. It ignites slowly with a blue flame and has the highest calorific value. It is found in small quantity in Jammu and Kashmir. Bituminous: Bituminous carries 60 to 80 per cent of carbon content and a low level of moisture content. It is widely used and has high calorific value. It is found in Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. Lignite: Lignite is often brown in colour. It carries 40 to 55 per cent carbon content. It is an intermediate stage which happens during the alteration of woo...
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  Buddhism - Part-2 The Buddhist councils: Buddhist Councils   marked important turning points in the evolution of Buddhism. First Council: The council was held in the Sattapani cave at Rajgriha. It was held around 483 BC and was presided over by Mahakasyapa under the patronage of King Ajatshatru. Vinaya Pittaka (which deals with rules or discipline of the sangha), Sutta Pittaka (discourses and sermons of Buddha), and Abhidhamma Piṭaka ((treatises that elaborate Buddhist doctrines) were evolved in this council. Second Council: It was held in Vaishali and was presided over by Sabakami under the patronage of king Kalasoka in 383 BC. Third Council: It was held in 250 BC in Patliputra and was presided by Moggaliputta Tissa under the patronage of Ashoka. Fourth Council: It was held at Kundalvana, Kashmir in 72 CE and was presided over by Vasumitra, while Asvaghosa was his deputy under the patronage of King Kanishka of the Kushan Empire. Buddhism was divided into two schools of thou...